同种异体工程化软骨的构建和修复甲状软骨缺损的实验研究

Fabrication of allogeneic cartilage with tissue engineering technique and repair of laryngeal cartilage defects in rabbits

目的 探讨同种异体预定形态组织工程化软骨在有免疫功能动物体内构建的可行性及其对甲状软骨缺损的修复能力。方法 利用组织工程技术制备同种异体片状和“C”型半管状工程化软骨 ;将 4周形成的片状工程化软骨用于修复 12只新西兰大白兔甲状软骨大片缺损 ;一定时间取材 ,分别对预定形态工程化软骨的构建情况及其修复效果进行大体和组织学评价。结果 ①构建 4周形成的预定形态工程化软骨呈乳白色 ,有弹性和支撑力 ,8周时软骨呈瓷白色 ,镜下观察显示软骨组织特征 ;②甲状软骨缺损修复术后 4、8、12周观察 ,修复区愈合良好 ,组织学检查 :修复区与正常软骨间的界面区可见软骨细胞生长及软骨基质生成 ,无免疫排斥迹象。结论 在有免疫功能的动物体内可形成同种异体预定形态组织工程化软骨 ,获取的工程化软骨对甲状软骨缺损有良好的修复效果 。

Objective To investigate the fabrication of allogeneic tissue engineered cartilage in predetermined shapes and its ability to repair laryngeal cartilage defects. Methods Tissue engineering technique was used to make allogeneic tissue engineered cartilage in predetermined shapes, and then some of them were utilized to repair cartilage defects in the rabbit larynges( n =12). Finally, the chondrogenesis and reparative effect were studied grossly and histologically at various periods. Results ①The gross specimens of 4 weeks after implantation revealed the presence of new hyaline cartilage of approximately the same shapes as original predetermined shapes, which had fair elasticity and support ability. Histological evaluation showed the characteristics of cartilage tissue.②Laryngeal cartilage defects were well repaired using allogeneic tissue engineered cartilage in different periods after operation. A few chondrocytes were observed between the reparative areas with tissue engineered cartilage and normal cartilage. Abundant matrices were also detected in the reparative and interfacial areas. No inflammatory cells were found. Conclusion It is possible to regenerate new cartilage in predetermined shapes using tissue engineering technique in allograft animals with immunity. Allogeneic tissue engineered cartilage can be used as reparative material to repair cartilage defect of rabbit larynx.