历史时期我国沙尘天气时空分布特点及成因研究

An Investigation of the Temporal and Spatial Distribution and the Contributing Factor of Dust Weather in Our Country Through History

据二十四史《五行志》和《清史稿·灾异志》的有关记载对我国历史时期沙尘天气发生的特点和原因进行了初步研究。从时间上看 ,我国沙尘天气的发生有愈来愈频繁的趋势 ,而且程度也越来越严重。沙尘天气发生的季节主要集中在春季。从空间分布上看 ,黄河流域和海河流域是多发区。另外 ,沙尘天气多发区域还存在着明显的位置移动 ,在 10世纪前主要集中在西北地区 ,10世纪以后则主要集中在华北平原。历史时期我国沙尘天气的发生 ,首先是一种自然现象 ,但人类活动的加剧会破坏原有的地表植被 ,加速沙尘天气发生的频率 。

This paper makes a preliminary investigation of the characteristics of and reasons for dust weather in the history of our country based on the relative record in Wu Xing Zhi of the Twenty_four Histories and in the Chronicle of Disaster and Monstrosity of the Manuscripts of the History of the Qing Dynasty. In terms of time, the dust weather in our country tends to come more and more frequently to a worse and worse degree, especially in spring. In terms of spatial distribution, it frequently occurs in the reaches of the Huanghe River and the Haihe River. In addition, there is an apparent shift in position in the frequently_occurring regions. Before the 10th century, the dust weather occurred mostly in Northwestern China but did so in the North_China Plains after that. In the early days of history, it occurred purely as a natural phenomenon, but its frequency has been accelerated and its degree of dusting worsened as a result of the destruction of vegetation by intensified human activity.