东西部农户家庭购买力及其演变趋势的比较研究——以1986—1999年山西和浙江两省10村连续跟踪观察农户为例

A Comparative Study of Rural Household Purshasing Power and its Trends Between Eastern and western China

通过比较研究发现 :东西部农户家庭购买力水平相差悬殊 ,但演进过程极其相似。进入 90年代中后期以来 ,东西部农户的购买力均处在徘徊或下降过程中 ,购买力提高后劲严重不足。具体表现在 :生产资料购买力呈徘徊状 ,建材购买力呈下降趋势 ,生活用品购买力虽呈增长趋势 ,但增长速度明显趋缓。造成这一结果的主要原因在于农户收入提高乏力 ,收入增长呈徘徊或下降趋势。而根源则在于农户家庭经济基础较弱 ,人力资本储备水平低 ,非农化进展缓慢。提高农户购买力的重要对策是加强对农户需求的研究 ,根本对策是提高农户增收能力 ,降低农户非农化政策性或制度性门槛 。

Purchasing Power and its Trends Between Eastern and Western ChinaThe present study shows that although a considerable difference exists in the level of purchasing power between rural households in eastern and western China, there is a very similar evolutionary process. Since mid\| and late\|1999s, the purchasing power of both types of household has fluctuated or even declined. Reasons for this phenomenon are explored, which include the shaky economic foundation of the households, low level of human resources, and slow development of non\|agriculturization. The paper argues that in order to increase households' purchasing power, it is necessary to lay more emphasis on a number of issues including the study of household needs, the attempts to increase farmers' income, the improvement of institutional policies concerning non\|agriculturization, and the increase of investment on education.