建设工程优先受偿权——兼评《中华人民共和国合同法》第286条

On the Right to Receive Priority Repayment in Construction Project ——Annex to Comment on Article 286 of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Contracts

建设工程优先受偿权应当定性为法定抵押权 ,该权利成立时间为建设工程合同成立之时 ,但行使该项权利还须具备承包人已按合同约定履行全部合同义务这一条件。此权利优先于一般抵押权 ,但在与预售商品房请求权发生冲突时 ,应不允许承包人行使建设工程优先受偿权。承包人向法院申请拍卖建设工程不以提起诉讼为前提 ,应当准许直接适用民事诉讼法规定的执行程序。

This thesis thinks that the priority to receive repayment authority in constructive project should be characterized to be legal hypothecation, the time of this right establishment is that the construction project contract be set up, but if enforces this right realistically, it must have the condition that the contractor have carried out the entire contractual obligation. This right take precedence of the ordinary hypothecation, but when it occurs conflict with the claim of advance sales of commercial housing, the contractor can not be permitted to exercise the priority to repayment authority in construction project. The contractor applies for auction of the construction to the court, this must not be asked to lodge a complaint as a prior, it should be permitted to directly apply the implementation measure that the civil procedure law ordains.