中国5省市中学生危险行为调查报告(三)——吸烟、饮酒和成瘾类药物滥用状况

Risk Behaviors of Secondary School Students in Five Provinces and Cities of China Ⅲ Smoking, Drinking and Addictive Drug Use

目的 了解中国中学生吸烟、饮酒和成瘾类药物滥用的现状。方法 1 999年 5～ 6月 ,选取中国北京、天津、深圳、沈阳和云南 5省市的 40所中学的初一和高一学生 1 6 580名 ,采取中学生危险行为问卷调查。结果 有 36 .1 %的学生尝试过吸烟 ,有 7.1 %的学生是经常性吸烟 ,有 57.8%的学生尝试过饮酒 ,因喝酒而受伤的学生比例占 2 .9% ,有过药物滥用行为的学生的比例高达 6 .8% ,高中学生发生吸烟、饮酒和药物滥用情况的比例明显高于初中学生 ,男生的比例明显高于女生 ,性别、年级之间差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论 中学生中发生吸烟、饮酒和成瘾类药物滥用的情况已不容忽视 ,针对青少年不同地区、年龄、性别的特点 ,进行有针对性的健康教育是必要的。

Objective To collect the information about tobacco, alcohol and addictive drug use among Chinese secondary school students. Methods A risk behaviors questionnaire survey was conducted among 16 580 students selected from 40 secondary schools in Beijing, Tianjin, Shenzhen, Shenyang, Yunnan in May and June 1999. Results Among the surveyed students, 36.1% had experienced smoking, 7.1% smoked regularly; 57.8% had experienced drinking, 2.9% were injured after drinking; 6.8% had ever used illegal drugs. Senior high school students and boys had higher rates of tobacco, alcohol and addictive drug use than junior high school students and girls respectively. Conclusions Rates of tobacco, alcohol and addictive drug use among Chinese secondary school students are at higher levels, it is necessary to implement health education in accordance with their characteristics.