生态系统管理学的概念框架及其生态学基础

A conceptual framework and the ecological basis for ecosystem management

系统地概述了生态系统管理学产生的历史背景和发展进程 ,讨论了生态系统管理的一些基本概念、生态学基础、管理目标及管理体制与实施方式 .详细地论述了生态系统的生态学完整性与边界和时空尺度 ,生态系统的结构、功能与生态系统整体性 ,生态系统演替与系统动力学特性 ,生态系统的干扰与系统稳定性 ,生态系统的复杂性与不确定性 ,生态系统多样性与可持续生态系统 ,生态模型与数据收集和监测 ,人类活动对环境影响的双重性等生态学基础问题 .阐述了在维持生态系统产品和服务功能的可持续性总体目标下 ,各类生态系统管理的具体目标 .

In this paper,the background of origin and developmental process of ecosystem ma nagement was generalized.Some basic concepts,ecological basis,management goals,a nd management system and implementation methods for the ecosystem management wer e discussed.Furthermore,the fundamental ecological problems such as ecological i ntegrity and boundaries as well as spatial temporal scales,structure and funct io n of ecosystem and ecological entirety,ecosystem succession and characteristics of system dynamics,disturbance and ecosystem stability,ecosystem complexity and indeterminacy,ecosystem diversity and sustainable ecosystem,ecological model and data collection as well as monitoring,and dual effects of human activities on e nvironment were discussed in detail.In addition,some specific goals of ecosystem management for different ecosystem were presented to attain an overall goal to maintain sustainability of ecosystem products and services.