临沂市1985至1997年肾综合征出血热监测

Study on the Surveiliance of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in Linyi City 1985-1997

目的 :探讨肾综合征出血热 (HFRS)在当地的流行特征和规律以及HFRS疫苗的预防接种效果。方法 :统计分析HFRS疫情资料 ;人群血清流行病学调查、HFRS疫苗接种效果观察、宿主动物带病毒率调查采用间接免疫荧光 (IFAT)法 ;宿主动物密度调查采用夹夜法。结果 :1985～ 1997年全市累计报告HFRS病例 75 82 3例 ,年平均发病率为 2 9.99/ 10万 ,男、女比例为 2 .15∶1(5 1887/ 2 40 36 ) ,病例中农民占 92 .43%。健康人群HFRS抗体阳性率为1.5 3 %。室内鼠密度平均为 3 .6 2 % ,野外平均为 4.75 % ,鼠带病毒率平均为 3 .75 %。临床诊断符合率平均为77.5 8%。HFRS疫苗免疫接种近期保护率为 10 0 %。结论 :当地HFRS的流行呈双峰型 ,疫区类型是以家鼠型为主的混合型。HFRS疫苗免疫接种近期预防效果好。

Objective:To study the epidemic feature of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and the inoculative effect of HFRS vaccine. Methods:To analyse the data of HFRS. IFAT method was used in carrying Hanta virus in host animal. The method of catching rats by the trap at night was used to count the average density of host animal. Results:From 1985 to 1997 75 823 HFRS cases were reported in Linyi City. Its year morbidity averaged 29.99 per 100 000 . The ratio between male and female was 2.15 ∶1 ( 51 887 / 24 036 ). The peasants cases addounted for 92.43 % of all. The average positive rate of HFRS antibody in healthy population was 1.53%. The average density of indoor rats was 3.62% and the field rats was 4.75 %. The rate of carriers of rats was 3.75%. The average conformation rate of clinical diagnosis was 77.58%. The short-term protection rate of inoculative HFRS vaccine was 100%.Conclusion:At present, the epidemic HFRS present biomodal distribution type and mixing type with Rattus and Apodemus as the dominant factor in the type of epidemic area in a year. The short-term inoculative HFRS vaccine was safe and effective.