基于遥感与GIS的海口市土地利用结构动态变化研究

Dynamic change of land-use structure in Haikou by remote sensing and GIS

利用1986、1996和2000年三期TM遥感图像,得到海口市1986～1996和1996～2000年土地变化情况及土地利用转移矩阵。海口市的土地变化规律表现为耕地、林地、滩涂及未利用地转化为城镇、农村居民点和独立工矿建设用地。通过分维度的分析可以看出,海口市林地、水体等自然景观随着人类的干扰,分维度降低;耕地面积大量减少,分维数降低;城镇扩大,斑块数量减小,用地趋于集中;农村居民点和工矿建设用地增加,用地趋于分散,复杂度增加。海口市土地结构变化的主导因素是城镇面积的扩大,其次是农村居民点和工矿建设用地的扩大。随着城市化的发展和农村用地扩大,海口市土地结构表现为利用程度逐渐深化的趋势。

The TM imageries of1986,1996and2000are interpretated to study the land use change in Haikou.The land use conversion matrix uncovers the law that the cultivated land,forestland,foreshore and unused land was converted into land for urban,rural housing and construction purposes.The fractal dimension of the forestland and water bodies lowers because of the human induced disturbance.That of the cultivated land decreases with the conversion into the construction land.The urban land concentrates with the decrement of the patches and the incre ment of the acreage.But the rural land disperses because of the increment of the rural patches.The main driv ing forces of the land use structural change are the urban sprawl and the rural extension with rapid urbanization and rural settlement extension.The land use extent in Haikou tends to be deepened.