文化同化的失败与多元文化的兴起──美国多元文化教育运动分析

Failure of Cultural Assimiliation and Rise of Multiculture -An Analysis of the American Multicultural Education Movement

美国的多元文化教育运动源于六七十年代的民权运动。它是一场自发的、民间的、全国性的教育改革运动，其目的在于为黑人、亚裔美国人、美国土著人、西班牙语系移民及白人中未被体现或未被充分体现的群体争取平等教育的权利，进而争取社会上享有平等的权利。原来的民权运动主要是以主流文化的价值观来为非主流文化的群体争取平等权利，而多元文化教育运动则试图在文化教育中体现非主流文化群体的价值观，以争取形成一种新的美国文化。这场运动已经取得了很大进展，但距离其目标还很远。

The multicultural education movement in America sterns hum the civil rights movement which took place in the 1960. and 70s. It is an educational reform movement characteristic of being spontaneous, nongovernmental and nationwide, and it aims at crying out for the equal right to education for those groups who, among African Americans, Asian Americans, Native Americans, Lations or Hispanics, have not, or not adequately, been represented, and were then still going on with its fighting for their full enjoyment of equal rights in the society at large. While the civil rights movement had male use of values of the mainstream culture in its struggle for equal rights for those groups belonging in non- mainstream culture, the multicultural education movement has been trying to represent values of the non-mainstream culture in the cultural education, so as to shape a new American culture. This movement has come a long way, but it still has a long to go to its target.