论陕甘宁边区的土地政策和土地立法

On Land Policy and Land Legislation in Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region

抗日战争和解放战争时期，陕甘宁边区土地政策经历了减租减息、征购地主土地和土地改革的演化过程，这种演化是和中国社会主要矛盾的转化分不开的。通过这种演化，在陕甘宁边区的老解放区逐渐消灭了封建地主土地所有制，实现了耕者有其田的土地制度。在每次土地政策演化的进程中，陕甘宁边区政府都有相应的土地法规出台。边区的土地立法涉及到土地政策、土地所有权和使用权、土地登记管理、土地司法等方面，内容相当完整，说明在当时的历史条件下，边区土地管理的法制化程度已相当高了。这些法规在保证中国共产党的各项土地政策的实施方面发挥了重要作用，也为其他革命根据地乃至新中国成立后的土地政策的制定和土地立法积累了丰富的经验。

During the Anti-Japanese War and the Liberation War, the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region went through an evolutionary course of its land policy from reduction of rent and interest, through requisition of land by purchase from landlords, to land reform, and those changes were inseparable from the turning of the principal contradition in the Chinese society. In the old liberated areas in the Shaanxi-Cansu-Ningxia Border Region, in the course of these changes, the feudal landlord ownership of land was gradually wiped out, while at the same time practised was the system of land going to the tiller. At every turn in the course of change, there were corresponding land statues made and issued for enforcement by govenments in the Bonier Region. The land legislation in the Border Region involved land policy, rights to own and use land, land registration and management, and land adminisiration of justice, etc., all of which, complete in content, indicates that under the then historical conditions, the land management in terms of legality in the Border Region had come to a relatively high level. Those statues played an important part in ensuring the Communist Party of China to implement its various land policies, and also, accumulated rich experience for the other revolutionary bases, and even for New China, to formulate their land policy and land legislation.