社会两种再生产理论的哲学透视──兼论我国两种再生产存在的矛盾及解决途径

A Discussion of the Two Theories of Reproduction in a Philosophical Perspective

两种再生产理论是马克思、恩格斯的一贯思想，是哲学历史唯物主义的重要原理。社会两种再生产应该适应和协调，相协调促进社会发展，不协调则制约进而阻碍社会发展。两种再生产不协调的根本原因，在于人既是生产者又是消费者矛盾的两重性所致。人们过多地看到了两者相统一的一面，而问题在于两者相对立的一面。要做到协调，就必须将两种再生产都纳入国民经济发展规划，在两者矛盾运动过程中，既把握物质生产的规律，致力于提高劳动生产率；又把握人口生产的规律，节制生育，提高人口质量，处理好两者协调的度和级，以推动社会全面发展。

The two theories of reproduction are consistent thoughts of Marx's and Engels's, which are important principles of the philosophy of historical materialism. The two kinds of social reproduction should have to be mutually adapted and coordinated, for coordination of the two promotes social development, otherwise it will restrict, or even block, social development. The root cause for the fact that the coordination of the two kinds of reproduction does not come about, lies in the duality of contradictions of social members being both producers and consumers. In getting to their coordination, efforts must be made to bring the two kinds of reproduction into line with the plan for national economic development, in order to master the law of material production in an attempt to raise productivity, and also, to grasp the law of population production in an attempt to control birthrate and improve population quality. So it is essential to deal in a proper way with the degree and grade of the coordination of the two kinds of production so as to propel the society forward.