海水温度和盐度对泥蚶幼虫和稚贝生长及存活的影响

The effects of sea water temperature and salinity on the growth and survival of Tegillarca granosa larvae and juveniles

1996～ 1 997和 1 999年在浙江省乐清市东发水产育苗场和福建省宁德市四海水产育苗场分别研究了海水温度和盐度对泥蚶浮游幼虫和稚贝生长及存活的影响 ,结果表明 ,泥蚶浮游幼虫的适宜温度为 2 5～ 33℃ ,最适生长温度为 2 8～ 30℃ .稚贝的适宜温度为 1 5～ 35℃ ,最适生长温度为 2 5～ 30℃ .浮游幼虫的适宜盐度为 1 6 54～ 30 0 2 ,最适生长盐度为 1 6 54～ 2 3 38;稚贝的适宜盐度为 1 0 0 1～ 30 0 2 ,最适生长盐度为 1 0 0 1～ 2 3 38.泥蚶幼虫和稚贝对高温和低盐海水有较强的适应能力 ,这与它们夏季的繁殖期和自然分布于内湾河口区是相适应的 .

These experiments were carried out in the marine culture breeding field of Dongfa, Leqing, Zhejiang Province and the marine culture breeding field of Sihai, Ningde, Fujian Province, from 1996 to 1997 and 1999. In the condition of controlled sea water temperature and salinity, the effects of temperature and salinity on the growth and survival of Tegillarca granosa larvae and juveniles are studied. The results show that suitable temperature is 25～33 ℃ for larvae, and 15～35 ℃ for juveniles, the best suitable growth temperature is 28～30 ℃ for larvae, and 25～30 ℃ for juveniles; suitable salinity is 16.54～30.02 for larvae, and 10.01～30.02 for juveniles; the best suitable growth salinity is 16.54～23.38 for larvae, and 10.01～23.38 for juveniles. The larvae and juveniles of Tegillarca granosa have strong adaptability to high temperature and low salinity, which are concordant with their proliferation season in the summer and natural distribution in estuary.