良苦的写作用心 高超的斗争艺术——评《达尔杜弗或者骗子》的结尾处理

Sound Strategy ofWriting and Excellent Art of Struggle ——Comments the Successful ending of le Tartuffe

《达尔杜弗或者骗子》的开场被视为“最伟大和最好的开场”,但因悲剧性的结尾被处理成喜剧性的结局 ,因而常遭非议。在作品受到大肆攻击、屡遭禁演 ,作者本人亦多次受到人身攻击 ,反动势力猖獗的情况下 ,莫里哀深知王权的重要性 ,为了开展进步的戏剧活动 ,打击反动贵族和教会势力的嚣张气焰 ,需要取得王权的支持。故作品结尾写国王出面解决矛盾虽显突兀 ,但却说明作者写作的良苦用心和斗争艺术的高超。

The beginning of le Tartuffe has been regarded as “the greatest and best prologue'. But it often gets reproach because the tragedy ending was changed into the comedy one. The reasons for this are:the first,actually Tartuffe is one of the representatives of the reactionary nobles and the Christians. The revealment to of him happened to criticize them and hence the works was greatly attacked and forbidden to have open performance. The second, the author know the importance of the monarch and artistically ended the play with the presence of the monarch to solve the contradiction, which just shows the high techniques of the writing and the struggle art to the reactionary nobles.