建筑物火灾时人员疏散群集流动规律

Crowd Flow Rules of Human Evacuation in Building Fire

利用离散系统分析动力学的方法 ,首先对建筑物火灾时人员疏散群集流动中的疏散个体的动力学特征进行分析 ,建立群集流动的运动状态方程 ,研究不同空间特征的疏散通道上群集流动的规律·建立计算机仿真模型 ,预测应急疏散时群集流动的性状·模拟结果表明 ,无论待疏散微元的行为特点和心理状态如何随机的变化 ,群集流动性能主要取决于疏散出口的空间几何特征·它的研究成果 ,可以为建筑物性能化设计 ,建筑物空间人员应急疏散计划的制定 。

Based on the discrete system dynamics, the dynamic characteristic of the evacuation unit in crowd flow was analyzed, the motion state equation on crowd flow was established, the crowd flow rules of different kind of evacuation passage was studied and the simulation model was set up to predict the performance of crowd flow in evacuation in fire. At high occupant density, the crowd flow performance mainly depends on the space geometric characteristic, whatever the physical and psychological status stochastically changes. These conclusions will surely provide scientific references for performance based fire protection design, the making of emergent evacuation plan and the evaluation of the safety evacuation performance of buildings.