梯度复合B_4C/Cu面向等离子体材料的制备与表征

Processing and Characterization of Graded B_4 C/Cu Facing Plasma Composite

基于Ｂ４Ｃ和Ｃu材料具有明显电阻率及熔点差的特点，提出了在超高压下通电快速烧结Ｂ４Ｃ／Ｃｕ梯度复合材料的新工艺．在 ２～４ＧＰａ、１２ｋＷ，４０ｓ及适当的热处理条件下成功制备出了成分分布从０～１００％的接近理论密度的Ｂ４Ｃ／Ｃu层状复合材料；显微观察显示材料的成分和结构是呈梯度分布的．化学溅射实验表明其产额比 ＳＭＦ ８００核纯级石墨降低 ７０％；在Ｔｏｋａｍａｋ原位等离子体辐照下，材料表面无明显损伤．

Based on their distinct resistivity and melting point, a new approach for fabricating graded B4C/CU composite by rapid self-resistance sintering under ultra-high pressure was proposed in this paper and with which a near dense plasma facing material with 0similar to100% compositional distributions of B4C was obtained on conditions of 12kW electric power input, 2similar to4GPa pressure applied, 40s duration and properly consecutive heat treatment. Well-graded composition and structure of that composite were demonstrated by SEM analysis. Tests on plasma relevant performances show that the chemical sputtering yield of B4C/Cu graded composite is 70% lower than that of SMF 800 nuclear graphite, and the surface of the composite is almost no damages after in-situ plasma irradiation in Tokamak apparatus.