温湿度对小麦吸浆虫化蛹及蛹的发育的影响

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE-MOISTURE COMBINATION ON THE PUPATION AND PUPAL DEVELOPMENT OF SITODIPLOSIS MOSELLANA GEHIN

初步试验结果表明:小麦吸浆虫以21℃和土壤含水量20%处理组合化蛹率最高,23℃和土壤含水量25%的处理组合最低。在各组合处理中,都有一部份不化蛹羽化的滞育幼虫。在室内自然变温下,蛹的发育历期,19.9℃为10.94天,21℃为10.63天,22.4℃为8.47天,蛹的发育始点(C)为14.6℃,有效积温常数(K)为66.6(日度)。在恒温下C=13.9℃,K=62.9(日度)。

1、Temperature and soil moisture simultaneously affect the pupation and pupal development of sitodiplosis mosellana Gehin. Each of 12 treatments consisted of a pair of different temperature (17, 19, 21 or 23℃) and soil moisture (10. 20, or 25%). No Pupation was found at any. temperature when the soil moisture was 10%. Highest and lowest rates of pupation were at 21℃—20% and 2.3℃—25%, respectively. However, some diapausing larvae were commonly observed in each treatment. An statistical analysis indicates that extremely significant correlations exist only between soil moisture and pupation, adult emergence, as well as larval diapause. 2、In the conditions of naturally. changing room temperature, the duration of pupal development averaged 10.94 days at 19.9℃, 10.63 days at 21℃, and 8.47 days at 22.4℃. The initial temperature(C)for pupal development was calculated to be 14.6℃, and the constant of effective thermal, summation. (K) to be 66.6 (℃, day). Under an artificially controlled tempreture, the results were calculated to be C=13.9℃, and K=62.9 degree-days. Results from both natural and artificial conditions show a trend; the rate of pupal development is speeded up as temperature increases, while the duration is shortened, of which early pupation is the longest, and late pupation the shortest.