陆地棉×异常棉杂种的研究

STUDIES ON INTERSPECIFIC HYBRID OF GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM×G.ANOMALUM

1982年陆地棉×异常棉共授粉21朵花,对杂交铃滴入 GA_3和 NAA,得到14个有胚铃,共53个大胚,进行了胚培养及试管内加倍,1983年长成 F_1 11株,其中8株可育,每株平均结铃14个,每铃11.7粒子。1984～1986年南繁加代两次,1990年为第10代,研究了育性恢复及性状传递规律,并从中选出了抗棉铃虫类型。

By means of droping GA_3(50ppm) and NAA(40 ppm) on hybrid boll—embryo culture— colchicine treatment in test tubes,Successful Crosses of Gossypium hirsutum × G.anomalum were made in 1982.Boll—setting percentage was 66.7%,well developmental embryos per boll was 4.A total number of 11 F_1 plants were obtained,among them 8 F_1 plants were fertile (72.7%). All of F_1 plants were associated with the characters of both male and female parents.A- mong 21 characters which we have observed,19 were intermediate between their parents, such as leafshape,No.of lobes,bract—size,No.of teeth and growth habit,size and shape of flower bud,spot color,boll—shape,pittedness and No.of loculi,fiber—length,color, strength,2 were transgressive inheritance,such as plant—hight,coralla—length (see table 3). The segregation of characters of hybrid were observed in 1984. We found that the lint color in F_1 was brown,showing brown was dominat over white;In F_2 segragation occurred giving continuous gradation from brown to white (see table 5). Using backcrossed the hybrid to G.hirsutum selecting over five years,By 1989,some lines of high yield—good quality and some bollworm resistance new types were obtained