海河流域河流季节化对地下水及生态环境的影响

The Impact of River Seasonalization on Ground Water and Environment in Haihe Drainage Basin

本文在分析海河流域河流季节化趋势的基础上 ,着重探讨河流断流给下游平原地区地下水及生态环境所带来的深刻影响。研究认为 :河流季节化与下游平原地区地下水之间存在着相互影响、互为因果的密切关系 ,河流季节化因地下水超采的日趋严重而愈演愈烈 ;反过来 ,愈演愈烈的河流季节化又极其深刻地影响着地下水的时空分布、补给条件及运动流场等方面 ,同时也给下游平原地区带来一系列的生态环境问题 ,如地下水降落漏斗、地面沉降、海咸水入侵、河流功能衰退、湿地生态退化和水质恶化等。

On the basis of analyzing the trend of river seasonalization in Haihe drainage basin, the article lays special stress on exploring how river seasonalization influences ground water and environment in the downstream plain. In the final analysis, we consider that there is close inter influencing and cause effect relation between river seasonalization and extra exploitation of ground water. Because of extra exploitation of ground water, river seasonalization has been increasingly serious. Conversely, temporal spatial distribution, replenishment and flow field of ground water have been profoundly affected by more and more serious river seasonalization. Meanwhile, a series of environmental and ecological problems have occurred, such as deprssion cone of ground water, land subsidence, seawater or saline water intrusion, declining of the river course function, deterioration of water quality, and so on. Currently, the problems have become important factors which restrict social and economical sustainable development, and have influenced the living conditions of human being. It is therefore, a pressing and long standing duty that water resource be reasonably exploited and ecological environment be effectively preserved.