北京市商业中心的空间结构研究

THE STUDY ON THE SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF BEIJING'S COMMERCIAL CENTERS

分析了北京市商业中心历史演变过程 ,通过构建指标体系 ,根据详尽的商业活动单位统计资料 ,利用地理信息系统技术和层次聚类分析方法 ,划分并界定了北京市目前商业中心的等级 ,并分别对一级商业中心、中间过渡性商业中心、二级商业中心分别作了描述和解释。对于西单、王府井、前门和朝外商业中心 ,在功能、时间和规模等级构成等方面进行了深入分析和对比。在分析北京市商业中心空间发展趋势的基础上 ,确定了各级商业中心的功能定位和相互关系 。

This paper first reviews the historic evolution of commercial centers in Beijing. Based on the index system and the detailed statistical data of commercial activity units, grades of the present commercial centers in Beijing City are identified with GIS method and hierarchical clustering. Then the first grade, interim grade and the second grade commercial centers are analyzed in more detail. Secondly, comparative analysis on function, built-up time and grade of the commercial centers of Xidan, Wanfujing, Qianmen, and Chaowai are presented. Finally, the authors analyze the spatial structure of these commercial centers based on the studies of their major function, the inter-relationship and the development tendency.