句末形式与所需信息的关系

On the Relationship Between the End Form of a Sentence and the Information Dependence

本文从日语句末形式的用法出发，分析了无标识的不确 定信息句，在有交流环境的前提下，表示听话者保有该信息，而说话者依存于此；但说话者 不依存于此时，必须赋予句子一种表不依存的形式。无标识的确定信息句表示听者不具有该 信息，说话者不依存于听者；但要依存于听者所具有的信息时，必须赋予该句相应的表达形 式。

Starting from the usage of end forms of Japanese sentences,this paper analyses unmarked indefinite informative sentences,wh ich indicate that the listener has the information and that the speaker depends on it under the premise of the communicative situation;but when the speaker does not depend on the information,a form expressing dependence must be given to the sent ence.Unmarked definite informative sentences indicate that the listener does not have the information and that the speaker does not depend on the listener;but when the speaker depends on the information of the listener;a relevant form of express ion must be given to the sentence.