机动车排气污染管理体系的评价与构想

Assessment and Suggestion on Management System of Vehicle Exhaust

分析了中国开展机动车排气污染控制虽然已达十几年之久 ,但收效甚微的深刻原因以及发达国家的成功经验 ;对比研究了老《大气法》的缺陷和新《大气法》的重大进展。指出虽然后者授权环保部门强化机动车排气污染管理 ,但是 ,环保部门现今的组织结构和管理体系严重不适应这个任务。在分析了现今中国机动车排气管理的组织结构和功能的关系后 ,得到结论 :必须立即建立从中央到地方 ,特别是大城市的机动车排气管理系统 ,以展开执法 ,改善因机动车排气污染业已恶化的城市大气环境 ;并进而提出了其组织构架、功能和任务 ,并评估了其效果。

This paper analyzes the deep reasons why the benefits are always poor though China has controlled the vehicle exhaust for more than ten years, as well as a successful experience of the developed countries. Contrasting the deficiencies of the previous Air Pollution Control Law and advantages of the present Air Pollution Control Law , the paper indicates the organization structure and management system of the EPA are not entirely eligible for the tasks though the new law entitles environmental administrations to strengthening the exhaust control. It calls for that, according to principle that a structure results in a function, China must establish the management system of vehicle emission control in metropolises as soon as possible. So we can implement this law and improve urban air quality that has deteriorated due to vehicle exhaust. This paper puts forward organization form, functions, tasks and effect of this system.