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液膜法从离子型矿生产氯化稀土 被引量:4

Enrichment of Rare Earth Chloride by Liquid Surfactant Membranes
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摘要 离子型稀土矿渗浸液中稀土浓度较低,传统的草酸沉淀法机械化程度低.生产成本高,产品纯度低,质量不稳定,碳酸氢铵沉淀法虽然成本较低但仍有问题待解决。液膜法能够高效快速地从很稀的溶液中富集金属离子,我所已于1986年首次实现了我国第一项液膜小规模工业应用,现在正在推广此项技术。因此有用以取代沉淀法生产稀土氯化物的技术基础。国内有些液膜法富集稀土的报导比较强调在外水相中添加NaAc 缓冲剂控制酸度以促进RE^(3+) The traditional oxalate precipitation method is very expensive to produce raw rare earth oxide(92%)from the leaching solution of ion-adsorbing rare earth ore.To develop a alternative method,a liquid surfactant membrane process is proposed in this paper.The emulsion membrane is prepared bymixing HCl(5 mol/1) and kerosene containing surfactant LMS-2(4.5% V/V)and carrierD2EHPA(5%V/V).According to our study,it is neither economical nor technically necessary to adda buffer such as NaAc in the external phase to facilitate RE permeation as is recommended by the pre-vious authors.Under optimum condition,the recovery of RE is higher than 91%.This is high enoughbecause the raffinate is reused to leaching operation and the remained RE^(3+)is recovered.The concen-tration of the enriched RE in aq.product phase is up to 84 g/1(calculated in RE_2O_3),from which rareearth chloride with high purity is obtained by evaporation.The consumption of production is 2/3 lessexpensive than precipitation method.
出处 《膜科学与技术》 CAS CSCD 1991年第1期153-157,共5页 Membrane Science and Technology
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