甜菜无融合生殖单体附加系的繁殖传递特性

The transmission and reproduetive characters of apomictic monosomic addition lines of Beta vulgaris L.

由栽培甜莱（Ｂｅｔａ ｖｕｌｇａｒｉｓ Ｌ．）和白花甜菜（Ｂ．ｃｒｏｏｌｌｉｆｌｏｒａ Ｚｏｓｓ．）杂交分离获得的甜菜无融合生殖单体附加系具有高频率近１００％传递的特性．经过四代传递分析，平均传述率达９５％以上，表现为稳定传递．在其传递后代中，分离出ＢⅢ后代（ＶＶ＋１Ｃ＋Ｖ，２ｎ＝２８）、二倍体（２ｎ＝１８）非共倍体（２ｎ＝２９，２ｎ＝２０）等．无融合生殖单体附加系后代结实株数、结实率、单株种粒产量与其二倍体姊妹相比皆明显下降，说明它们的繁殖特性受到破坏，表现出雌配子体突变特征．本文对高频传递和分离产生各种类型的原因及意义进行了讨论．

The apomictic monosomic addition lines of Beet with high transmission rate near 100% was obtained from hybridization between Beta vnlgaris L. and B. corolliflora Zoss. Through transmission analysis for four generations, their average transmission rate were about 95% and expressed stable character. Some plants, such as B Ⅲ (VV+ 1C+V, 2n=28), diploids (2n= 18), aneuploids (2n=29, 2n = 20 etc.) were isolated among their progenies. The fruiting plaint numbers the fruiting rate an the seeds of singte ptamt of the apomictic monosomic addition lines, as compared with it's diploid sister lines all were down obviously. It shows their reprodnction character were suffered. It suggested the mutation of femal gametophyte. The paper dicussed about the reason of high frequency transmission and the cause of isolation various types.