南京市最高温度场的数值模拟

NUMERICAL MODELLING OF THE MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE FIELD OVER THE CITY OF NANJING

本文用能量平衡模式模拟了南京冬、夏季最高温度场。模拟结果与实测值十分吻合,表明该模式能较好地预测南京城市最高温度场和城市热岛特征。模式的能量场分析表明城市地表净辐射的传输以感热输送为主,郊区则以潜热输送为主。模式对城市热岛影响因子的敏感性试验表明,南京午后的城市热岛影响因子以城市下垫面粗糙度和空气相对湿度为主。

The maximum temperature field over Nanjing in winter andsummer has been simulated by using the energy balance model. Results arefound to coincide with observational facts, showing that the model canbe used to predict characteristics of the highest temperature field andurban heat island in Nanjing.Analysis of the energy field of the modelsuggests that transfer of net surface radiation in urban areas is mainlythe sensible heat transfer while that in rural areas the latent heattransfer. Tests for the sensitivity of the model to the influencing factorsfor the city heat island indicate that the dominant influencing factorsfor the urban heat island in the afternoon over Nanjing are the roughnessof the underlying surface and the relative humidity of air while artificialheat transfer in the city has only a minor effect.