声压梯度法对声源定向的理论和实验研究

Determination of Sound Source Bearing with Sound Pressure Gradient Method

应用双传声器探头 CM- 2 0 2和与之配套的传声器 ,自行设计了一个声探头支撑架 ,使之可以把声探头转动到空间笛卡儿坐标系的 3个互相垂直的方向 ,并且它们的几何中心保持不变 ,这样就可以测量平稳声场中一点的质点振动速度矢量的 3个分量 ,由此就能对声源进行定向。应用这一套实验装置在半消声室对声源进行了定向研究 ,并探讨了随机噪声干扰误差对定向精度的影响。

The sound pressure gradient method was used to determine sound source bearing. A pair of microphones can be rotated around a fixed center to three mutually perpendicular directions to measure the three components of a particle velocity vector in stationary sound field, and then determine the bearing of sound source. The effect of random noise on measurement accuracy was discussed and the average spectrum or high order spectrum could be used to eliminate the noise. Experimental results conducted in a semianechoic chamber show the accuracy measured with the method is better than one of traditional sound intensity method.