弹性需求下公交网络系统票价结构的优化

OPTIMAL FARE DESIGN FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORKS WITH ELASTIC DEMAND

对具有弹性需求的城市公交网络系统票价的合理设定问题进行了研究分析 .考虑到公交收费结构的变化会影响乘客的出行需求量和乘客对路径选择行为 ,将这一问题描述为一个两级数学规划问题 .上一级问题是寻求收益最大的优化问题 ,下一级问题是估计乘客在网络上的流量分布的具有弹性需求的随机用户平衡分配模型 .鉴于两级规划问题的非凸性 ,提出基于灵敏度分析的启发式算法 .最后 。

The optimial fare structure for public transport networks with elastic demand is discussed with the assumption of fixed transit service frequency. Because the transit fare structure has significant effects on the passengers' demand and route choice behavior, a bilevel programming method is developed to determine the optimal fare structure for the transit operator with taking into account the passengers' response. The upper-level problem seeks to maximize the operator's revenue, while the lower-level problem is a stochastic user equilibrium transit assignment model with elastic demand. Since the bilevel problem is nonconvex, a heuristic solution algorithm based on sensitivity analysis is proposed. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the proposed model and algorithm.