王船山《雁字诗》的遗民情结

The Adherent Complex in Wang Chuan-shan's Poem Yanzishi

《雁字诗》是王船山隐居中期写下的一组五律咏物诗。在此诗中 ,王船山借鸿雁之节操 ,写逸士之胸襟 ;托鸿雁之哀吟 ,吐亡国之忧愤 ;藉鸿雁之行序 ,冀民族之复兴 ;取鸿程之艰难 ,叹前途之多歧 ;拟鸿雁之远征 ,申己志之坚贞。王船山的《雁字诗》寓意深刻 ,寄托遥远。诗人笔下的鸿雁已非自然界的鸿雁 ,而是他的遗民情结的物质载体和生动写照。

The poem Yanzishi is a group of pentasyllabic regulated verses of chanting that were written during the mid course of Wang Chuan-shans seclusion,in which, by using a swan gooses symbolic moral integrity and elegy, its flying manner and rough journey and expendition,Wang expressed respectively his broad-mindedness of a hermit,great worries and indignance,his sincere wish for the national rejuvenation,his deep sigh for the gloomy prospect and strong determination to fulfil himself.This poem,undoubtedly,is pregnant with meaning and spiritual sustenance. The swan goose is,for the poet,no longer identified with those in nature,but a physical carrier and vivid portrait of his adherent complex of a former dynasty.