主体的坍塌与他者的颠覆——评霍桑的两篇短篇小说

The Subject's Collapse Vs.the Usurpation of Otherness

主体按照弗氏的理论就是人的自我 ,而他者指的则是无意识即伊德或欲望。在小说中自我分别指的就是年轻的布朗先生和“我”。他者在霍桑的两篇小说中指的是布朗到森林去参加魔鬼的午夜聚会和“我”到新英格兰去找我的亲戚去发展。他者在小说中不断地通过各种手段来实现其快乐的原则。文章还论述了他者在其满足欲望的同时也就导致了主体的坍塌。主体的坍塌也就意味着人的内心世界的崩溃。

The author makes a thorough analyses of the subject and otherness.The subject,according to Freud's perspective is the human being's ego,while the id is the unconsciousness,or desire.In the two stories the egos are Young Goodman Brown and 'I'.The ids are the desire to participate in the devil's congregation in the forest at midnight and the desire to find his kinsman Moliniex in New England so as to develop himself there.The author also points out that the otherness always tries hard to fulfill its pleasure principle.The moment the id fulfills itself the subject will immediately psychologically result in the state of fall.The fall of the subject means the collapse of human mentality.