河道横向展宽机理与模拟方法的研究综述

A Review of the Research on Lateral Widenning Mechanisms of Alluvial Rivers and Their Simulation Approaches

本文首先描述了冲积河道横向展宽的现象 ,深入地分析了导致河道横向展宽的两类机理 ,即受冲积作用控制的展宽机理 (包括水流直接冲刷、河岸崩塌 )和不受冲积作用控制的展宽机理 (包括渗流、管涌的破坏、风浪淘刷河岸的破坏等 )。然后指出了河道横向展宽的力学关系及影响因素。最后系统地总结了当前模拟河道横向展宽的三类方法 (经验方法 ,极值假说方法和水动力学—土力学方法 )的优缺点及适用范围 。

This paper first describes the phenomena of channel widenning of alluvial rivers, and analyzes two kinds of mechanisms leading to lateral widenning, which are fluvial\|controlled and non-fluvial-controlled mechanisms. Then mechanical relations and main effect factors causing lateral widenning are presented. Finally three kinds of approaches to simulating lateral widenning are systematically summarized, and their advantages,disadvantages and application limitation are analyzed.In addition, further study is suggested.