用GMS-5卫星资料结合地面资料联合估算水汽分布

Estimation of Water Vapor Distribution Using Combined Data from GMS-5 and Ground Stations

利用ＧＭＳ－５卫星红外分裂窗通道和水汽通道结合探空资料反演晴空大气的水汽分布；同时利用探空资料建立地面水汽压和相对湿度与大气总水汽量的经验关系，通过带权插值生成淮河流域３００多个地面站经验关系式的系数矩阵，并利用地面站资料确定云天大气的水汽分布。最后，将两种方法进行融合，得到淮河流域全天候的水汽场分布。

In this paper, the GMS-5 data at channels of infrared split windows and water vapor are applied, accompanied by radiosonde data, to retrieve water vapor distribution under cloud-free condition. Meanwhile the radiosonde data are used to build empirical relationship among the surface water vapor pressure, the surface relative humidity, and the total water vapor content, and then the coefficient matrix for the empirical formulas at more than 300 ground stations in the HUBEX area is derived by interpolation with weight, which made it possible to estimate water vapor distribution by ground station data under cloudy condition. The two methods are finally collaborated to obtain the water vapor distribution under all-weather condition in the HUBEX area.