铸铁件在现代汽车中的位置

The Role of Iron Castings in Modern Automobiles

铸铁是汽车四项主要构造材料之一,其重量份额一般居第二位,仅次于钢,而高于铝和塑料。铸铁具有资源、价格和铸造、切削工艺优势。铸铁技术开发已取得了重要进展,不断发展高强度品种,在摩擦磨损领域有优异的表现,此外在吸振性、密度、刚性、对温度的适应性和抗氧化起皮性能上,对各竞争材料有这一点或那一点的优势,能适应某种汽车零件的特定服役要求,成为优选材料。本文分析若干汽车铸铁件应用实例和提出开发的潜力。

Cast iron is one of four main construction materials in automobiles. Its weight share is second to steel and higher than either aluminum or plastics. In terms of resources, price, foundry properties and machinability, cast iron is superior. Cast iron has also been making good progress in developing high strength grades and tribological applications. It compares favourably with competitive materials in such aspects as damping capacity, density, rigidity, adaptability to temperature and antiscaling property. Therefore it becomes a material of choice for certain automotive components with certain specific service conditions. Typical case studies and suggestions are also presented.