煤田地质因素与尘肺发病关系

Relationship between Coalfield Geology Factors and Incidence of Pneumoconiosis

[目的 ]探讨煤田地质因素与煤矿尘肺发病关系。 [方法 ]采用典型抽样的方法 ,对 5个煤矿煤田地质因素 ,煤矿历年粉尘测定资料及尘肺病发病情况等进行调查 ,利用煤田地质因素综合危害指数等三项指标 ,与煤矿尘肺工种、工龄双变量调整患病率进行相关分析。 [结果 ] 5个煤矿接尘工人 10年以上工龄的尘肺工种工龄双变量调整患病率最高 18 2 4% ,最低 3 2 1%。存在显著差异 (P <0 0 1)。煤田地质因素综合危害指数等三项指标分别与煤矿尘肺工种工龄双变量调整患病率具有显著的相关 (P <0 0 1)。 [结论 ]在防尘措施、接尘工龄基本相同的情况下 ,造成煤矿尘肺发病差异的原因主要是煤田地质因素不同。因此 ,除了粉尘浓度、游离SiO2 含量外 ,还可以利用煤田地质因素对煤矿尘肺发病严重程度进行预测。

Objective] The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between coalfield geology factors and incidence of pneumoconiosis. [Methods] After investigating geological factors,dust determination data and incidence of pneumoconiosis in five coal mines using typical sample methods,we carried on relative analysis on incidence by adjusting the type of work and length of service and the aggregative hazard index based on a number of coalfield geology factors. [Results] The highest adjusted incidence of pneumoconiosis in five coal mines with workers who worked more than ten years was 18 24% and the lowest was 3 21%. There was obvious difference in the incidence among coal mines ( P <0 01) and marked relationship between aggregative hazard index and adjusted incidence of pneumoconiosis ( P <0 01). [Conclusion] With the similar dust control measures and length of exposure to dust,the main reason of causing different coal mine incidence of pneumoconiosis was the different coalfield geology factors. Therefore,coalfield geology data might be used for forecasting the degree of pneumoconiosis incidence as well as dust concentration and content of free silica in dust.