唇腭裂新生儿鼻上颌复合体形态结构特征的研究

A STUDY OF NASI-MAXILLARY COMPLEX MORPHOLOGY IN NEWBORNS WITH COMPLETE CLEFT OF THE LIP AND PALATE

目的 对唇腭裂患儿鼻上颌复合体的形态特征进行三维立体的测量分析。方法 采用计算机辅助三维重建技术 ,对 6例正常胎儿及 5例唇腭裂新生儿标本的鼻上颌复合体的形态结构进行了测量。结果 唇腭裂患儿上颌骨及邻近结构宽度异常 ;牙槽弓组织不足 ,且主要表现在前段牙槽 ;前段牙槽上倾 ,提示前段组织错位或垂直向生长不足 ,而后段牙槽高度接近正常。结论 唇腭裂患儿出生时即存在上颌骨不同方向的错位和发育异常 ,因此 ,对畸形的矫正 ,可以提供接近正常的解剖结构基础 ,有助于上颌骨正常生长发育 ,并为外科修复提供良好的手术条件 ,有助于颜面形态和口腔功能的更好恢复。

Objective To analyze neonatal morphology characteristics of nasi-maxillary complex with clefts by three-dimensional structures. Methods The nasi-maxillary complex morphology was examined in a sample of 6 normal fetues and 5 neonates with complete cleft of the lip and palate.A computer-aided reconstruction technique was used to produce three dimensional images of the craniofacial skeleton and analyze it quantitatively. Results The maxilla is deficient at least in the length of the alveolar process.The anterior of alveolar process turns upward,and the posterior segemnt shows no difference in the vertical development. Conclusion Presurgical orthopedics is refered to as the neonatal repositioning of the maxillary segments,there by presenting a more symmetrical plateform along with a reduction in the width of the alveolar ridge cleft,obtaining a more nearly normal skeletal base under the lip and nose.It can aid the plastic surgeon to achieve the better results.