全球气候变化新生代构造隆升的结果

GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AS RESULT OF TECTONIC UPLIFT IN CENOZOIC

构成地球的各大圈层是相互联系、相互影响的 ,因此其中一个圈层发生变化必将影响其他圈层的特征和状态。新生代时 ,岩石圈中出现了物质的重新分配与调整 ,产生了地史上最为显著的构造隆升。同时 ,地球其他圈层中也出现了明显的变化 :大气圈中有大气环流的改变、大气 CO2 质量分数的变化 ;水圈中出现降雨分布的改变、两极冰盖的出现 ;生物圈表现为植物群落分布的迁移 ;这些变化的同时出现暗示地表的隆升对其他圈层 ,特别是大气圈产生了重要的影响。基于此种推断 ,以 Ruddiman等为代表的科学家提出了构造隆升 -气候假设。这一假设对解释新生代以来气候变化以及隆升与气候之间的相互影响提供了较为合理的答案。但是 ,由于许多尚未解决的问题 ,特别是缺少对新生代以来地壳主要隆升区 (特别是青藏高原 )构造演化史的清楚认识 ,关于新生代气候变化的真正原因还缺乏定论。更多的工作还有待于地质学家、气象学家、生物学家。

Every sphere of earth is connected with each other, so if one sphere changes, other spheres would change too. During Cenozoic, the most remarkable tectonic uplift in geologic history appeared as the result of material redistribution and adjustment in lithosphere. At the same time, obvious changes took place in other sphere too: changes of atmospheric circulation and CO 2 levels (the atmosphere); changes of precipitation distribution and appearance of ice sheet in both South and North Pole (the hydrosphere); variations in the amount and types of vegetation (the biosphere). The contemporaneity of all these changes hints there would be important relation between tectonic uplift and the changes of other spheres, especially the atmosphere. On the basis of this deduction, ″tectonic uplift climate″ hypothesis was put forward by Ruddiman and other scientists. This hypothesis gives some reasonable answers to the reason of global climate change and the interaction between uplift and climate. However, the real reason of global climate change remains unknown because a lot of questions have not been resolved, especially the tectonic history of most uplift area, such as Tibetan Plateau. Much needs to be done to fulfill the research by cooperation of geologists, mteorologists, biologists,oceanologists and other scientists.