论伏尔泰的历史哲学

On the Historic Philosophy of Voltaire

历史哲学的概念由伏尔泰提出后 ,至今已是一个多义的概念 ,详考伏尔泰的著作 ,发现他是在用“理性去思考人类历史过程“的含义上首创这一术语的。其内涵特征应包括如下几个方面 ;在认识历史时应倡导科学方法 ,反对宗教迷信 ;人类真正的历史是理性战胜宗教迷信的历史 ;历史的真实生动在于它的风俗和文化 ;人类风俗文化既有多元性 。

The idea of historic philosophy, since it was propounded by Voltaire, has become a concept with multiple meanings. He first created this term , as I found in making a careful study of his works, with the implication of his 'reflecting on the process of human history with reasoning'. The characteristics of its connotation include the following aspects: advocating the use of scientific methods instead of religious or superstitious ways to perceive history; the true history of mankind being one in which reasons defeated religions and superstitions; the truth and vividness of history lying in its customs and cultures; the customs and cultures of mankind being of plurality with rational commonness.