孟德斯鸠的奴隶制思想述评

A Comment on Montesqieu's Ideas about Slavery

在《论法的精神》中 ,孟德斯鸠详细论述了奴隶的来源、奴隶制产生的原因、奴隶制与国家政体的关系等问题 ;他从“人是生而平等和自由的”基本观念出发 ,全面批判了种种维护奴隶制的观点 ,深入剖析了奴隶制违反自然、违背人性、危害社会的性质 。

In his The Spirit of Laws, Montesquieu discusses in detail the origin of slaves, the coming into existence of slavery and the relationship between slavery and the system of government. Proceeding from the basic idea that 'all men are born equal and free', he criticizes various views that defend slavery. He alsomakes profound analyses of slavery that, in character, runs counter to the natural world, goes against humannature and harms the society. He then provides a set of measures for the emancipation of slaves.