嘉陵江流域洪水区域分析

REGIONAL FLOOD ANALYSES FOR THE JIALING RIVER BASIN

嘉陵江流域位于长江上游 ,是长江流域面积最大的支流 ,也是长江洪水的主要来源之一。用一种新的洪水区域分析方法———标度分析法对年最大洪峰流量区域变化的性质进行了研究。标度分析法的基本思想是认为在具有相似的地理、地质和气候条件的区域内洪水的空间变化满足标度不变性 ,将不同的地区划分成不同的区域 ,在同一子区域内用标度变换来对洪水资料进行处理 ,这种思想具有现实的普遍意义。对嘉陵江流域洪水资料研究的结果表明标度不变性在一定程度上确实存在 ,且表现出多标度性 ,也就是说不同频率 p下的标度指数θ(p)有不同的值。因此用标度分析法进行洪水区域分析是可行的。为了实际应用 ,最后还计算了嘉陵江流域不同频率p的标度指数θ(p)值 。

The Jialing River is the largest tributary of the Yangtze River, in terms of watershed area.The flood of Jialing River basin is the major source of the flood in the Yangtze. A new regional flood analysis technology-scale analysis is applied to study the variation of annual flood peaks with drainage area in this paper. From the scale analysis, it is thought that in a region of similar geographic, geologic and climatic condition the spatial variation of flood peaks has scaling properties.To divide a region into some offset regions, the flood data can be dealt with by the scaling transformation. By using the scale analyses, the variation of annual peak flood with drainage area in Jialing River basin is studied. The result demonstrates that the variation of annual flood peaks in Jialing River basin with drainage area has multiscaling properties, that is the value of scale exponents θ(p) differs with different values of probability \$p\$. Lastly,the scale exponents θ(p) with different value of probability \$p\$ is calculated. Using these values, it is possible to transform of the flood data from one scale of drainage area to another scale.