新疆和田县改水综合效益评估与量化分析

Assessment and Quantitative Analysis on Comprehensive Benefits of Improvement of Drinking Water Quality in Hetian County of Xinjiang

目的 对新疆和田县改水综合效益进行评估及量化分析。方法 回顾了和田县 1992～ 1998年介水传染病(痢疾、肝炎、伤寒和霍乱 )发病情况 ,健康教育成果 ,对取水负担的减轻和医药费用的节约做了量化分析。结果 改水受益人口占和田县总人口 95 % ,和田县 1992～ 1998年介水传染病发病率除痢疾外均呈下降趋势 ,群众卫生知识水平提高 ,养成良好的卫生习惯 ;截止到 2 0 0 0年累计改水投资 4 5 5 0万元 ,累计节约取水负担费用 186 4～ 4 2 4 6万元 ,累计节约医药费用 6 6 0万元 ,兴建水厂效益 2 91万元 ,庭院经济效益 35 5 6万元 ,直接经济效益 6 731万元～ 875 2万元。结论 和田县改水工程具有显著的社会效益和经济效益 。

Objective To assess and quantitatively analyze the comprehensive benefits of improvement of drinking water quality in Hetian county of Xinjiang Methods The incidences of water borne infectious diseases(dysentery,hepatitis,typhoid and cholera) during 1992~1998 and the effects of health education were reviewed The decreases of the costs for drinking water transportation and the saving of medical expenses were analyzed quantitatively Results 95% of the total population were benefited from the improvement of drinking water quality The incidence rates of water borne infectious diseases except dysentery revealed a decreasing trend during 1992~1998 in Hetian county The benefited population presented higher levels of sanitary knowledge and good sanitary habits By the end of 2000,the accumulative investment for water improvement reached up to 45 50 million yuan,the saving of the costs for drinking water transportation and medical expenses was from 18 64 million yuan to 42 46 million yuan and 6 60 million yuan respectively,the benefit of building water plants and the development of peasant family economy was 2 91 million yuan and 35 56 million yuan respectively The totoal direct economic benefit reached from 67 31 million yuan to 87 52 million yuan Conclusion The project of improvement of drinking water quality revealed significant social and economic benefit,which had obviously exceeded the total investment