Ml-Ca-Ni系储氢合金的储氢特性及其在氢──汽油混合燃料车中的应用

Hydrogen Storage Properties and Application of the Alloy Ml-Ca-Ni in a Hydrogen-Gasoline Hybrid Fuel Bus

系统研究了稀土系Ｍｌ－Ｃａ－Ｎｉ（Ｍｌ：富铜混合稀土）储氢合金的储氢特性。实验结果表明，该系列合金吸放氢量大、动力学性能优良，其中，合金Ｍｌ０．８Ｃａ０．２Ｎｉ５的吸放氢量可达１８０ｍｌ／ｇ以上。以储氢合金Ｍｌ０．８Ｃａ０．２Ｎｉ５氢化物作为氢的储存方式，研制了２０Ｎｍ３氢容量的车用燃料箱。以燃料箱作为氢源对汽油机进行台架对比试验，结果表明：氢－汽油混合燃料发动机可节省汽油３０％，发动机相对热效率提高１０％以上，发动机排出的ＣＯ含量减少７０％以上，ＨＣ、ＮＯｘ含量也降低：以燃料箱作为供氢系统进行了氢－汽油混合燃料车道路示范性试验。

The hydrogen storage properties of the alloys Ml-Ca-Ni (Ml: La-riched mischmetal) was systematically investigated. The experimental results show that the alloys Ml-Ca-Ni have good hydrogen storage capacity and hydriding/dehydriding kinetics. It was also found that the hydrogen storage capacity of Ml0.8Ca0.2Ni5 is more than 180ml/g. An automobile hydrogen storage tank used Ml0.8Ca0.2Ni5 hydride with hydrogen capacity of 20 Nm3 was designed and manufacted . The comparison test results reveal that with hydrogen-gasoline hybrid as its fuel, an gasoline engine may save gasoline by more than 30% and its thermal efficiency increases by more than 10%. Moreover, in its exhaust gases, the CO level decreases by 70% and the contents of HC and NOx also reduce. A demonstration test of a bus was carried out.