我国酸雨中盐基离子的重要性

Importance of Base Cations of Acid Precipitation in China

从中国南方两城市与欧洲两城市酸雨化学组成的比较，南方森林土壤模拟浸泡试验， MAGIC模型模拟预测 3个方面讨论了我国酸雨中盐基离子的重要性，尤其是对土壤酸化过程的影响。结果表明，我国酸雨中高含量的盐基离子（ Ca2＋、 Mg2＋、等）既缓冲了酸雨本身的酸度，也缓解了土壤的酸化过程。虽然作用的效果相反，但盐基离子与酸性阴离子（、 等）一样，都是土壤酸化的重要影响因素。

In the present paper, the importance of base cations in acid precipitation in China, especially the effects of base cations on soil acidification, has been assessed in three aspects: comparison of chemical composition of acid rain between two cities in southern China and two cities in Europe, batch experiments of forest soils from southern China, and forecast of MAGIC model used in Guiyang catchment. The results show that high contents of base cations (Ca2＋ , Mg2＋ , , etc.) in the acid rain in China could not only neutralize the acidity of acid rain, but also reduce acidification of soils. Although leading to opposite results, base cations and acidic anions (, , etc.) in acid rain are the two important factors affecting soil acidification.