我国及周边国家地方猪群体的淀粉酶多态性

Amylase polymorphism of native pig populations in China and surrounding countries

应用水平板淀粉凝胶电泳技术对八眉猪 (2 2 )、安康猪 (30 )、林芝藏猪 (42 )、合作猪 (5 5 )、成华猪(40 )和迪庆藏猪 (5 2 )的血液淀粉酶多态性进行了分析。结果表明 ,在 6个地方猪群体中共发现了 6个等位基因 ,即Am A,Am B,Am C,Am X,Am Y和 Am C′,其中 Am A 和 Am C的频率表现出明显的地域差异 ,中国地方猪具有亚洲猪的典型特点。可以认为南亚地方猪群体在起源上大多属于条纹野猪 ,而东亚地方猪群体则大多起源于北方野猪。 Am座位是研究地方猪群体遗传结构最有价值的两个血液蛋白座位 (Am和 Tf)之一。

Amylase polymorphism of six native pig populations,namely Bamei(22),Ankang(30),Linzhi Tibetan pig(42),Hezuo(55),Chenghua(40) and Diqing Tibetan pig (52),was detected with horizontal starch gel electrophoresis.The allelic frequencies at Am locus were calculated and their precision degree and confidence probability were also estimated simultaneously.The results showed that Am locus was polymorphic dominated by Am A,Am B,Am C,Am X,Am Y and Am C′ codominance alleles.The frequencies of Am A and Am C showed a remarkable geographic difference.The results support the idea that the Malay Peninsula is a border of each habitat of the original Indian wild boar,S.s.cristatus and Southeast Asian one,S.s.vittatus which are regarded as typical wild forms of the ancestors in the present domestic pigs of Southeast Asia.Chinese native pig populations have typical character of Asian native pig populations,Am B as a dominant gene at Am locus.This paper suggested that Am locus could be regarded as one of the most valuable blood protein markers for studies of genetic components and characters in pigs.