饮水水源水库库底卫生清理消毒措施的研究

Study on Measures for Sanitary Clearance and Disinfection of the Bottom of Reservior for Drinking Water Source

目的研究水库库底污染物无害化处理的有效措施。方法按照随机抽样原则 ,对污染物进行清理至净土后再向四周及底部继续清理 ,检验清理不同深度的土壤样品 ;将污土分别用不同浓度消毒剂 (3 %、5 %、8 %有效氯 )和曝晒方法进行消毒 ,检验消毒后24h各类污土样品。结果污物清除后继续向四周及底部清理至40cm时 ,土壤合格率分别为96 23 %和94 34 % ;污土用含有效氯8 %的消毒剂消毒后合格率最高为98 11 %。各种清理、消毒措施间有显著性差异 (P<0 .005)。结论污物清除后继续向四周及底部清理应不小于40cm ,药物喷洒较曝晒消毒效果好 ,用含8

Objective To find out the effective measures for non_hazardous treatment of polluted bottom sediment of reservior for water storage.Methods The surficial layer of polluted sediment at the reservior bed was cleared away until the deep clean soil layer in the sampling points of pollution sources appeared.The clean soil samples were collected around the sampling points of pollution source at different distances far from it,and at different depthes below the surface clear soil layer then all the samples were examined.The polluted soil samples were disinfected with chloro_disinfectants containing different concentrations of avaliable chlorine of 3%,5% and 8%,and were treated by solarisation exposure method.After 24_hour chlorination disinfection or solar exposure,clean and the polluted soil samples were examined.Sampling design was conducted on the basis of randomization principle.Results The sanitary qualified rates were 96.23% and 94.4% for the soil sample collected at the distance of 40 cm around the pollution source and at depth of 40 cm below the surface clear soil of the pollution source.The highest sanitary qualified rate was 98.11% for the polluted soil samples treated by chloro disinfectant with available chlorine concentration of 8%.There were significant differences among the sanitary qualified rates of soil samples obtained from different clearance and disinfection methods(P<0.005).Conclusion After the clearance of polluted soil layers,the clean soil layers should be continuously cleared away with a distance of ≥40 cm around the pollution source,and with a depth of ≥40 cm below the surface clean soil layer of the same pollution source.Disinfectant spraying method revealed more effectiveness disinfection compared with solarisation exposure method.The disinfectant with an available chlorine concentration of 8% could meet the requirement of soil disinfection.