城市形态的理论与方法——探索全面与理性的研究框架

URBAN MORPHOLOGY: AN INTRODUCTION AND EVALUATION OF THE THEORIES AND THE METHODS

城市形态 (urbanmor phology)作为一门跨学科课题 ,虽然与城市规划和城市设计的密切关系已得到广泛的认识 ,但城市形态的定义 ,研究内容及其方法长期以来在学术领域还未有共识。通过对相关文献的回顾 ,尝试建立新的理论研究框架。在强调以政治经济学 (politicalecono my)为基础的“城市化过程”理论的体系内 ,“形态分析”(morphologicalanalysis)与“环境行为研究” (environmentalbe havior)被强调作为主要的城市形态的分析方法。这一动态与开放的研究框架 ,将抽象的政治与社会经济因素与实体的物质环境、局部的建筑环境与整体的城市联系在一起 ,从而使城市形态研究更趋于理性与客观。同时阐述了建立系统与全面的城市形态研究框架对充实城市规划方法及建立和完善城市设计基础理论有重要的现实意义。

This paper stresses that the morphological analysis and environmental behavior studies should take as the main method for analyzing the urban morphology in the theory system of the urbanization process based by the political economics analysis. This active and open study framework link the abstract political, social economic factors with the identity physical environment; regional building environment with the entire city, making the urban morphology study tend to be more reasonable and objective. It is significant that the building up of the complete urban morphology study framework is useful for establishing the basic theory of urban design.