原油乳状液的稳定与破乳机理研究进展

Research Progress of the Stability and Demulsification Mechanism of the Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsion

综述了原油乳状液中天然表面活性物质 ,如沥青质、胶质、固体颗粒物以及石蜡对原油乳状液稳定性的影响。讨论了原油破乳机理和破乳剂组成、HLB值等物化性质、破乳剂用量、复配与原油破乳脱水的关系。同时介绍了目前国内使用较多的几个系列破乳剂。

The influence of natural surfactants,such as asphaltenes,resins,solid particles and naphthene,on the stability of the water in crude oil emulsion are summarized.The mechanism of crude oil′s demulsification is discussed,as well as the relationships of the composition,HLB value,amount and combination of the demulsifier to the demulsifying dehydration of crude oil.Several series of demulsifiers employed popularly inland nowadays are presented.