孔隙介质中非混相微观驱替机理及影响因素

MICROSCOPIC MECHANISMS AND INFLUENCE FACTORS OF IMMISCIBLE FLUID DISPLACEMENT IN POROUS MEDIA

石油工程注水开发过程中 ,存在着多种微观驱替机理。对活塞型驱替机理、海恩斯跳跃、爬行机理、卡断机理、小孔包围大孔机理、指进机理和绕流、粘附现象、部分膜流动机理、汇聚现象等驱替机理分别进行了综述和探讨。这些驱替现象能否发生、发生的相对重要性依赖于外部条件 (如注入速度、注入压力 )、孔隙介质的微观几何形状及结构形态、流体性质、储层特性以及两流体之间的界面张力等。结合薄片岩心动态驱替模型实验结果及相关文献 ,简要指出了各种驱替机理的影响因素。

In the process of water flooding there exist various mechanisms of immiscible fluid displacement at microscope pore level. In this paper we will summarize and discuss such mechanisms as pistion?like displacement, Haines' jump, creeping, snap?off, large pores trapped by small pores, fingering and by ?passing, sticking, partial film spreading and coalescence in detail. The occurrence and importance of these mechanisms depend on the external conditions (such as injection rate and injection pressure), pore geometry and structure, fluid properties, reservoir characteristics as well as interfacial tension between two different fluids. The factors affecting various displacement mechanisms are analyzed briefly on the basis of related literatures and our experiment results from slice core dynamic modeling of two fluid phases displacement.