参与式农村发展理论与实践——来自滇川黔地区的经验

PARTICIPATORY APPROACHES TO RURAL DEVELOPMENT:EXPERIENCE FORM YUNNAN,SICHUAN AND GUIZHOU

参与式发展是 80年代末初形成的一种发展学理论和方法 ,完成从学术研究到发展实践的变成 ,已经在大范围的政府资助的项目中应用。通过总结从事参与式农村发展引进、试验及应用的 1 0年经验 ,认为参与式是发展的一种思想和一套简单和可视的方法 ,能够有效地协助受教育少的村民分析自己面临的问题 ,寻找可行和适合于他们自身条件的解决办法 ,提高项目受益者自己的能力。参与式的应用和推广需要一批有参与式理念和经验的发展工作者 ,更重要的是培养基层工作者 ,他们在日常与村民接触的工作应用参与式的方法。实践者除了行为、态度的转变和熟练应用参与式方法的技巧外 ,还需要有培训的能力、协调和协助的技巧、机构管理与项目管理的知识。

Participatory approaches were developed in late of 80's and apply now for many development projects at large scale either funded by international development institutes and governments Practitioners of Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou Provinces have been practicing these methods Authors of this paper review the 10-years experiences and concluded that the participatory approaches provide a set of visual tools for the rural people to identify, analyze and prioritize their development issues The approaches can also facilitate community to seek proper solutions and take their action Rural community enhances their capacity in the process It is also need that practitioners have strong knowledge of and skills to training, coordination, management and conflict resolution as well as change their behavior and attitude towards to community