灾害评估研究内容与方法探讨

A Study on the Contents and Methods of Disaster Assessment

灾害评估是灾害研究的核心内容 ,本文对灾害的风险评估、损失评估、生态环境评估和防灾工程的减灾效益评估的研究进展进行了总结 ,具体论述了其内涵、内容和主要的研究方法 ,以期能够为灾害评估的进一步深入研究提供借鉴。

As the core of disaster research, Reviews and evaluations on the works of orisk prediction, loss assessing, effects of disaster reduction and prevention are discussed in this paper. At present, international research in evaluation has made a certain progress. The work on it, however, needs to be enriched and perfected by improving the synthesis of multi subjects because of the universality of disaster evaluation. In this paper, author reviews and summarizes the evolution of disaster research in risk evaluation, loss evaluation, environment evaluation and profits evaluation of disaster prevent engineers, and discusses the connotation, content and study methods in these fields. Results show that focuses of present study in risk evaluation are put to natural attribute of disaster. Synthetic research in risk evaluation of disaster formative factors, volubility of disaster affected bodies advances slowly. Research in loss evaluation of disaster does not put enough attention to direct economy losses, indirect economy losses and other losses. Evaluation in disaster environment is a new task, and profit evaluation of disaster prevent engineer needs to be studied deeply on the basis of the principle and method of cost profit.