山东省农业生产条件现代化可持续发展研究

A Study of Sustainable Development of the Modernization of Agricultural Production Conditions in Shandong Province

农业生产条件现代化是实现农业现代化的重要基础 ,包括农业机械化、农业水利化、农业化学化和农业电气化 4个方面。本文根据山东省近 2 0年的统计资料 ,全面分析了山东省在由传统农业向现代化农业转变过程中 ,在农业生产条件方面所取得的进展和明显存在的问题。如农业机械发展结构欠合理、农田水利工程建设标准不高、化肥施用构成比例不当等 ,针对上述问题 ,提出实现农业生产条件现代化可持续发展的战略措施 :1完善农机服务体系 ,大力开展农机社会化、市场化服务 ;2狠抓以水利为重点的农田基础设施建设 ,提高农田水利建设的科技含量 ;3加大对磷肥使用宣传力度 ,降低化肥农药造成的环境污染 ;4继续大力实施“科教兴农”战略 ,加速农业科技成果转化。

The modernization of agricultural production conditions is indispensable to the implement of agricultural modernization, which includes agricultural mechanization, agricultural irrigation, extensive use of chemical fertilizers and other farm chemicals, and agricultural electrization, etc. In this paper, based on the statistical information for the last 20 years, the progress and problems in agricultural production conditions during the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture in Shandong Province are analyzed. For example, the composition of agricultural mechanism was not rational, the construction standard of farmland irrigation works was low, and the proportion of chemical fertilizers was improper. To solve these problems, some measures are put forward: (a) Service system of agricultural mechanism must be improved, including agricultural mechanism socialization and marketability; (b) Farmland capital construction must attach most importance to water conservancy facilities and improve scientific technology in farmland water conservancy construction; (c) The consumption of phosphate must be increased, and pollution of the environment caused by the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides must be reduced; and (d) We must continue to put the strategy of scientific education in agriculture in practice and speed up the use and extension of new scientific knowledge and new techniques in agriculture.