2856例糖尿病病人问卷分析

The Analysis of 2856 questionnaires of diabetes mellitus patients

目的 研究个人和环境因素对糖尿病病人代谢控制程度的影响。方法在进行糖尿病（ＤＭ）知识讲座时，对ＤＭ病人进行问卷调查，先后根据他们的ＤＭ病程、文化程度、依从性、每日工作时间及职业进行分组，比较各组间的ＤＭ控制程度，分析病人个人及环境因素与糖、脂代谢的相关关系。结果 ２ ８５６例ＤＭ病人中，男性 １４０５例（４９．８１％），女性１４５１例（５０．１９％）；１型ＤＭ １４０例（４．９％），２型ＤＭ ２ ７１６例（９５．１％）；平均年龄５８．３４±２１．８２岁（２４～８ｌ岁）；有ＤＭ家族史者２８３例（９．９１％）；超重者１２６５例（４４．２９％），正常体重者１０４７例（３６．６６％），消瘦者５４４例（１９．０５％）。病人对医生的依从性中，绝对依从组代谢控制最佳（Ｐ＜０．０１）；相对依从组次之，不依从组最差，二组比较（Ｐ＜０．０２）；且空腹血糖（ＦＢＧ）、餐后２小时血糖（ＰＢＧ）、糖化血红蛋白（ＧＨｂ）及甘油三酯（ＴＧ）分别与ＤＭ病人的依从性呈负相关关系（ｒ分别为－０．０５９，－０．０５５，－０．０７５，－０．０６３；Ｐ分别为＜０．０５，＜０．０５，＜０．０１，＜０．０２５）。ＤＭ病程中，１～５年组的糖脂代谢控制最佳（Ｐ＜?

Objective To study the effect of individual and environmental factors of diabeties on their glycemic and lipidic metabolism. Methods While educating diabeties with diabetic informations, we inguired their individual data questionnaires. According to their diabetic periods,cultural levels,compliance to their doctors,daily work times and ocupations respectively,we grouped these patients and compared their fasting and postprandial glycemia (FBG & PBG), GHb,serum lipids and serum uric acid (BUA). Results Among 2 856 diabetic patients,the type I was about 4. 9% and the type Ⅱ about 95. 1% ; the family patients was about 9. 91% and the overweight about 44. 29K. According to patients' compliance to their doctors,blood glucose,GHb and lipids and BUA was lower in absolute compliance group than the basical group or the non compliance one (P＜0. 02),and the levels of glycemia and GHb and TG all related to their compliance (respectively r=- 0. 059, - 0. 055, - 0. 075, - 0. 063 ; and P＜0. 05, 0. 05, 0. 01, 0. 025 ). Considering the diabetes periods,the 1-5 year metabolic control of group was best (P＜0. 02) and the 5- 10 year and above 10 year metabolic control groups were better than the group within one year (P ＜0. 05). To patients' cultural levels, the metabolic control senior or higher middle school groups was better than the junior middle school or lower (P＜0. 05). Thinking their daily work time and occupation,the metabolic control of groups working more than seven hours was worst (p respectively less than 0. 05 and 0. 02). Conclusion diabetic patients' individual and environmental factors are all affecting their metabolic control,among them the complicance is most effective.