北京农村地区高血压高危人群的膳食干预研究

A dietary intervention study on the hypertensive high risk population in a northern rural area of Beijing

为探讨合理的生活方式和膳食结构与原发性高血压发病的关系 ,于 1997～ 1999年对北京房山地区 97名高血压高危对象进行了膳食干预研究 ,膳食调查采用称重法结合 3日 2 4小时回顾法 ,干预措施主要有合理膳食及生活方式卫生宣教 ,填写健康挂历、限盐以及适当增加运动等。结果显示 :(1)在高血压高危人群中普遍存在膳食结构不合理的现象 ;(2 )经过两年的合理膳食干预后 ,干预组中可促进高血压发生发展的膳食营养因素明显减少 ,而对照组则明显增加或没有变化。两年间 ,对照组超重 +肥胖者比例增加了2 4 6 % ,而干预组无明显变化 ,干预组平均收缩压和舒张压水平分别下降了 3 7和 5 1mmHg ,而对照组的血压水平没有明显变化 ,而且干预组两年内高血压的新发病例数明显低于对照组。因此 ,加强营养知识宣教和合理膳食指导是预防原发性高血压的一项重要而且有效的措施。

To investigate the relationship between optimal living mode, healthy dietary pattern and the incidence of primary hypertension, a dietary intervention study on hte hypertensive high risk population was carried out in Fangshan district of Beijing during 1997-1999. The subjects were divided into two groups: control group and intervention group. A 3\|day\|dietary\|recall combined with weighing method and a healthy diet education program were used in the study. The results indicated that the dietary pattern was not reasonable in the hypertensive high risk population. After two\|year\|intervention, the dietary pattern of people in the intervention group has changed distinctively. Compared with the results in 1997, the dietary risk factors decreased obviously in the intervention group, but increased in control group, such as high energy, fat, oil and cholesterol which can promote hypertension. Furthermore, in the past two years, the number of over weight+obese people increased by 24 6% in control group, but was no change in the intervention group. The intervention group subjects experienced an average decline of 3 7 and 5 1 mmHg of systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP) respectively, and new cases of hypertension observed in the intervention group were significantly lower than in control group. Thus it can be considered that the dietary intervention may be effective for the high risk population and play a very important role in the prevention of hypertension.